France 1792-D 12 deniers

France 1792-D 12 deniers , struck during the early stages of the French Revolution, before the arrest and trial of the king, was meant to supersede the sol of the ancien régime. It was struck at sixteen diferent mints and is very common in low grade. Many of these were produced by subcontractors outside the regular mint system; this specimen was struck at Dijon, not Lyon, as indicated by the dot after the "D" mintmark. This specimen is definitely brass.

The provisional mints of the Revolution.^[1] Responding to an acute coin shortage caused by the collapse of the assignats, the National Assembly late in 1791 authorized the establishment of temporary mints to supplement the output of base metal coinage by the regular mints. These provisional mints were to be close to existing mints and supervised by mint personnel. These requirements were ignored. The following mints are known to have produced three, six and twelve denier pieces and two sols: Convent des Barnabites (in Paris, but outside the Mint), mintmark "A" with a dot; Arras, mintmark "W" with a dot; Besancon, mintmark "BB"; Clermont-Ferrand, mintmark "I" with a dot; Dijon, mintmark "D" with a dot; Metz (adjacent to the regular mint), mintmark "AA" with a dot; Roanne, mintmark "D"; and Saumur, mintmark "T" with a dot. Most of these mints were closed by the end of 1792 tho some may have operated into 1793.

France 1792-D 12 deniers, 1792 BB, Good-, Rim Bump or Clip, Louis XVI, Strasbourg Mint

France, 12 Deniers, 1792BB, Good-. This example has a rim bump or a clip. It was struck at the Strasbourg Mint. It features Louis XVI on the obverse

Related articles

• The French pastry revolution
• Did French President Hollande Say On National TV That The Illuminati Is Attacking Paris??
• Interpreting Your Dreams - The Sleep Matters Club
• Most Expensive Diamonds Ever

INDIA-8-SIDED-SILVER-COIN-assam Princely State, silver, 1 rupee, 1683 Saka era (equivalent to 1761 AD)

Assamese coins

The first Assamese coin is believed to have been struck in 1648 AD (1570 Saka era; during the reign of King Jayadhvaja Simha), the last one — in 1824 AD (1746 Saka era). Assamese coins have the shape of a regular octagon (Latin term “octo” means “8”). The coins themselves symbolised Ahom, the local traditional belief being that the Ahom Kingdom was eight sided. An example of an Assamese coin is shown below.

Assam Princely State, silver, 1 rupee, 1683 Saka era (equivalent to 1761 AD)

The majority of coins issued in Assam were silver, with division by halves down to a ¹/₃₂-nd of a rupee. Gold coins were struck throughout the period, often using the same dies as were used for the silver coins. A few copper coins were struck during the reign of Brajanatha Simha (1818–1819), but they're very rare.

On this site you will find a gallery of Assamese coins.

Assamese coins, Coins of Independent Kingdom (informative article)

This article was taken from here.

Coins of Assam bore the expression of deity, the name of the kings with some symbols.

Independent kingdoms under the Muslim rule existed in the Eastern part of India as well and included the kingdoms of Assam region. These kingdoms issued some very striking coins, which generated considerable interest in Indian numismatics. These kingdoms were mostly isolated from the rest of the country. This serves as one of the major reasons of their coinage being of a very distinct style, different from those of the rest of India. The coinage of these kingdoms was essentially Hindu in style with Devanagari inscriptions, a rarity in 17-th century of India due to massive Mughal expansion and extensive mintage of coins in Islamic style.

Assam or Ahom was an independent Hindu kingdom, better known in ancient literature as Kamrup. This Kingdom was located in fertile Brahmaputra river valley. Sukhampa founded it in the 13th century. During the height of Mughal expansion, Mir Jumla, Aurangzeb's governor occupied Assam briefly. Muslim army could not keep control of Assam long and retreated within few months. Never again Assam was attacked by Muslims and remained fully independent.

Early rulers of this kingdom issued very interesting coinage. In spite of its foundation in 13-th century, Assam did not issue coins of his own till mid-17th century. Chakradhwaja Simha (1663–1670 A.D.) was the first ruler who started issuing coins for this Kingdom. Being staunch Hindu, his earliest coins had legends written in Sanskrit (Devnagri script) but later he also issued coins with legends written in Assamese (Ahom) language.

Since 1467 A.D., the kings of Assam had been issuing coins. The first coin was issued by Ratnamanikya with inscriptions on both sides and later a grotesque lion was introduced on the reverse of the coin. Later devices like «trisula», figure of Ardhanarisvara, figure of the flute playing Krishna flanked by a Gopi on either side in the upper half of the flan and the lion-trisula device in the lower half were used. Some of the kings used epithets that stood for their religious leanings. Ratnamanikya, the earliest ruler, used the epithet «Narayana-charanaparah» on the coins. Some of the later kings used «Siva-Kalika-pada-padama-madhukara» and some referred to «Radha-krishna-pada». Some of the kings of this dynasty used the names of their queens on the coins.

The coins of Assam also include octagonal coins, a striking shape, which was never seen in other parts of India. This octagonal silver rupee coin weighed 11.3 grams and had a lion carved at the bottom of it. It had legends imbibed in the Ahom language. It was believed that Assam Kingdom is octagonal in shape, which inspired King to issue coins depicting octagonal geography of this kingdom. A historical manuscript mentions that coins were octagonal to indicate the eight kingdoms subjugated by the Ahoms while another historical document states that they were so shaped because the Ahom kingdom was described as being eight-sided. A third explanation states that coins of the Sultans of Bengal bore their legend in an enclosure surrounded by eight ornamental arcs and that it is this octagonal border that influenced the Ahom coinage. The fourth explanation links the shape to «tantricism» (very popular in Assam at the time), which involved the worship of diagrams. It is also suggested that as the people had never seen such a large kingdom as under the Ahoms, they expressed the Ahom domain as that stretched in the eight directions off earth and space conceived by the Hindus. The earliest coins were issued by the king Su-seng-pha (Jayadhvaja Singh) in 1648 A.D. Though the shape of the coin was introduced by the Ahomese kings, they borrowed the weight standard from the silver «tankah» of the Sultans of Bengal. These coins were issued in two types. One was on the occasion of coronation, bearing, in the Ahomese language and script, their Ahomese name and date in the year of 60 year cycle. The other type was for general circulation that contained Assamese script with the Indian names of the rulers and the date in the Saka years.

Ahom coinage makes fascinating study as it offers a unique case of tracing history and evolution of a culture and an economy, from it unearthed coins, dated to a relatively short period of about 200 years. The early Ahom economy, based on agriculture and barter, was characteristic of a non-monetized economy. The Ahom kings gave incentives to farmers and soldiers and surplus grain was exchanged for foreign goods. But over time, responding to the limitations of barter transactions, the Ahom ruler started issuing coins to facilitate indirect exchange. Though there are early references to coins being issued by rulers in obeisance to deities as well as later references to the minting of coins on the accession to the throne of Ahom princes or religious grants, the earliest discovered rupee coins are of Jayadhawaja Simha issued in 1648 A.D. other coins are of subsequent rulers who gradually issued smaller denominations along with an increase in the overall volume of coined money. This increasing monetization of the economy indicated its increasing economic development, and by the early 19-th century, the Ahom economy emerged as a money economy.

The later rulers of Assam issued some coins that were square in shape and bore a Persian legend and the distiches employed on them. This style is said to be the imitation of the Mughal style of issuing coins. One of the later rulers, Rajeswara Simha also issued Persian on some of his coins. The series of Koch coins began with the Naranarayana's coins which were issued in 1555 A.D. The Koch kingdom was established by Naranarayana's father on the ruins of the earlier kingdom of Kamtapur. With the death of Naranarayana, the kingdom was divided between his son Lakshminarayana and his brother's son Raghudeva. Both of them issued coins during their ruling period. The western kingdom of Lakshminarayana became a tributary of the Mughal Empire and since then its coinage became confined to the issue of half coins. These half coins were known as «Narayani» rupees and were struck with dies bigger than the flan. The exceptions to these were the coins of Prananarayana bearing the date of his accession. These coins bore a legend on the both sides of the coin. Naranarayana's coins bore «Sri Sri Sivacharana-kamala madhukarasya» on one side and «Sri Sriman-Naranarayana bhupalasya Sake» followed by the date on the other side of the coin. His successors used the similar devices along with their names.

During the later period, some coins were issued with the inscription of «Shiva» which was replaced by «Hara-Gauri». Even some coins were issued in the name of Aurangazeb during the occupation of Kuch-Behar by Mir Jumla in 1661 A.D. later its name was changed to Alamgirpur. These coins were similar to the Narayani rupees of the Koch rulers and also had he inscription in Assamese script instead of Persian. The coins of Kacharis were very similar to the coins of Koch. These coins bore the expression of devotion to some deity on the obverse side and the name of the king and the date on the reverse side of the king. Over the Jayantia Hills and the adjoining Jayantia pargana in the Surma valley, the Jayantia king ruled. As per the historical evidences they issued coins. The earliest coins of this kingdom were believed to be dated Saka 1591 or 1669 A.D. Some evidences prove that the rulers of this dynasty issued coins in gold and it bore the date Saka 1502. As per the evidence, the rulers used to issue coins only on occasion of their accession to the throne. The coins bore the expression of devotion to a deity on one side and «Sri Sri Jayantapura-purendarasya» with the date in Saka era on the flip side of the coin. The expression of devotion to a deity changed with the ruler. Some of the coins issued during this time bore the name of the king.

During 18-th century Assam Kingdom weakened due to internal civil war and later attack by Burmese army. Coins of different denominations were in circulation within the Ahom kingdom. Gold coins were rarely used for transactions, which were mostly carried out in silver coins, and for small transactions, cowries were used. Brajanath Simha, who briefly gained control of the region in 1818–19, struck copper coins, for the first time in the numismatic history of Assam, which are believed to represent the 128th and 64th part of a rupee. Eventually in 1882, Burmese occupied Assam completely. British who were ruling in neighboring Bengal could not resist the temptation of adding Assam to their own growing empire. They acted swiftly, defeated Burmese army in 1884 and took control of the Kingdom, which remain part of British Empire till 1947. On independence, it was incorporated in Republic of India as Assam State.

Image provided by acanthite (a user of a website cointalk.com).

1929 Saint Gaudens

1929 Saint Gaudens

Beginning with the 1929 Saint Gaudens, the series takes on a much different character. Mintage levels for this and subsequent issues fluctuated from a low of 74,000 for the 1930-S to highs in the millions, however regardless of the original mintages, the mass meltings after the recall of gold coinage result in very few surviving specimens. Accordingly, all double eagles from 1929 to 1933 are rare and command large premiums.

The major grading services PCGS and NGC show just over 300 of the 1929 double eagles graded, although this is no doubt inflated by resubmissions. The bulk of grades occur at the MS64 grade level. The top graded examples are a handful graded MS66 across the two services.

The last 1929 Saint Gaudens Double Eagle graded PCGS MS66 to sell at auction realized $115,000 in April 2009. An earlier sale, which took place in September 2008, realized $184,000 for a piece of the same grade, but carrying a CAC verification sticker.

1939 Canada Silver Dollar - .60 oz of Silver

• 1939 Canada Silver Dollar is made from .60 oz of .800 Fine Silver and commemorates the 1939 Royal Tour of Canada by their majesties King George VI and Queen Elizabeth (later known as the Queen Mother).
  The obverse has T. H. Paget's portrait of King George VI facing left and the legend "GEORGIUS VI D:G:REX ET IND:IMP:" This inscription is in Latin and shortened but means: "George VI, by the grace of god, the King and Emperor of India."
  The reverse shows the Centre Block, or main building for Canada's Parliament. The reverse was designed by Emanuel Hahn. The motto "FIDE SVORVM REGNAT" is struck over the image and means "He Reigns by the Faith of his People." The country of issue, date and denomination are located at the bottom of the reverse.
  This is a very popular Canadian Silver Coin because it was only minted the year of the Royal Tour, making it an interesting coin to add to any collection

1939 Canada Silver Dollar

Related articles

• Talking Horses: Best Boxing Day bets including Kempton's King George | Chris Cook

Series of 1914 $5 Federal Reserve Note (Blue Seal)

1914 LARGE Note $5 Certificate Federal Reserve

Get one of the most iconic and affordable Federal Reserve Notes available!

Each of these notes is from the series of 1914 and is a $5 US Federal Reserve Note. These circulated examples provide an affordable way to own a piece of history. Notes will grade Very Good or better.

1914 LARGE Note $5 Certificate Federal Reserve notes are circulated and may have numerous folds, stains, discoloration and minor paper tears or frays.
This is the single most common large size five dollar bill available today. These are usually only worth around $50. Bills in perfect condition might be closer to $200. That is not a great return for something that is 100 years old. These aren’t very valuable simply because a lot were printed and thousands are still around today. Some people call these 1913 $5 bills. However, the series date is actually 1914. Abraham Lincoln is featured on the center of each bill. Sometimes the serial number or issuing district can add a premium.

Related articles

• Inspiring Abraham Lincoln Quotes
• Another candidate joins Reading's 2015 mayoral race
• The Secret Society that Assassinated Abraham Lincoln: Knights of the Golden Circle EXPOSED

Very valuable coins worth $100s to $1000s of US dollars

Coins in this group range in value from thousands of dollars down to hundreds of dollars. Unless they are heavily worn or have significant damage like scratches, spots, or stains, these coins command high premium values and must be treated with care. Never clean a coin. Cleaning ruins value.

Early German Gold - There are many different varieties of early German gold coins from the German States and German cities. No two are alike. Some look like the coin in the picture, most do not. All command high value from their gold content and intrinsic age and beauty. The dates after 1871 usually carry mark denominations, such as 10 mark and 20 mark. Before 1871 a variety of denominations appear in gold, such as the ducat, gulden, krone, and thaler.

50 Reichspfennig of 1924 and 1925 - The German Weimar Republic of 1918 to 1933 issued a very few 50 reichspfennig pieces in aluminum-bronze and these are very valuable because of the low mintage. Other issues carry the same wheat pattern and are not nearly as valuable. There is a 50 rentenpfennig piece with a date and mint mark of 1923J that is about as valuable as the reichspfennig pieces.

Goethe 5 Reichsmark - The 100th anniversary of the death of Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, a famous German writer, prompted the 1932 issue of a 5 reichsmark piece which is very valuable today. There is a 3 reichmark piece which looks similar, but is worth less.

British Provincial Tokens of the late Eighteenth Century

	1795 CAMBRIDGESHIRE FARTHING TOKEN
1795	EF	D&H - 36

EDGE: Milled

Issued for general circulation      MINTAGE: 61,000

DIESINKER: Thomas Wyon    MANUFACTURER: Peter Kempson

	1791 CHESHIRE MacClesfield HALFPENNY TOKEN
1791	VF	D&H - 40

EDGE: "PAYABLE AT MACCLESFIELD LIVERPOOL OR CONGLETON"

Issued for general circulation      MINTAGE: 1,030,000

DIESINKER: John G. Hancock   MANUFACTURER: John G. Hancock

	1791 CORNWALL Cornwall County HALFPENNY TOKEN
1791	NGC AU-50	D&H - 2

EDGE: Plain

Issued for general circulation

DIESINKER: Jean Pierre Droz    MANUFACTURER: Matthew Boulton

	1794 ESSEX Chelmsford HALFPENNY TOKEN
1794	VF	D&H - 5

EDGE: "PAYABLE AT CLACHAR & CO'S CHELMSFORD ESSEX."

Issued for general circulation      MINTAGE: 103,000

DIESINKER: Thomas Wyon    MANUFACTURER: Peter Kempson

	1794 HAMPSHIRE Emsworth HALFPENNY TOKEN
1794	Prooflike AU	D&H - 12c

EDGE: "CURRENT EVERY WHERE --•--  --•--  --•--"

Not intended for general circulation - Issued by John Stride

DIESINKER: Thomas Wyon     MANUFACTURER: Peter Kempson

This token is a mule of the reverse of D&H Hampshire 10, here used as the obverse and the reverse of D&H Hampshire 11.  It may have originally been intended that these mules would be sold to collectors, but as a large number exits it seems that they were sold to merchants and entered circulation.

	1792 HAMPSHIRE Isle of Wight HALFPENNY TOKEN
1792	EF	D&H - 46

EDGE: "PAYABLE AT HIS OFFICE NEWPORT."

Issued for general circulation

DIESINKER: William Mainwaring    MANUFACTURER: William Mainwaring

	1791 HAMPSHIRE Portsmouth HALFPENNY TOKEN
1791	NGC AU-58	D&H - 89

EDGE: "PAYABLE AT THE OFFICE OF W. TAYLOR R. V. MOODY & CO."

Issued for general circulation

DIESINKER: Rambert Dumarest    MANUFACTURER: Matthew Boulton

	1794 HEREFORDSHIRE Hereford HALFPENNY TOKEN
1794	NGC MS-66 BN	D&H - 5

EDGE: Milled

Issued for general circulation      MINTAGE: 15,500

DIESINKER: Arnold     MANUFACTURER: William Lutwyche

ex Don Rupp Collection, purchased in October 2004

ex Guilford Courthouse Collection, sold August 2004

ex Jerry Bobbe Collection, sold at Cincinnati EAC Auction April 1999

	1795 HERTFORDSHIRE Stortford HALFPENNY TOKEN
1795	AU	D&H - 4

EDGE: "PAYABLE AT BISHOPS STORTFORD."

Issued for general circulation

DIESINKER: Conrad Heinrich Kuchler   MANUFACTURER: Matthew Boulton

	1794 KENT Faversham HALFPENNY TOKEN
1794	EF	D&H - 20

EDGE: "PAYABLE IN LANCASTER, LONDON OR BRISTOL"

Issued for general circulation      MINTAGE: 20,600

DIESINKER: Roger Dixon     MANUFACTURER: William Lutwyche

The town of Faversham was a summer resort for medieval royalty from early medieval times and the sea has always been an important part of its existence, thus the appearance of the medieval sloop on the obverse of this token.  Because of its importance to kings of old, Faversham was granted the unique honor of being allowed to use the Royal Arms as its City Arms.  King Stephen is buried at Faversham Abbey.  The Cinque Ports were established in 1155 and granted privileges in exchange for their service during times of war.

	1795 KENT Maidstone HALFPENNY TOKEN
1795	BU	D&H - 36

EDGE: "PAYABLE BY HENRY OLIVERS ++"

Issued for general circulation      MINTAGE: 15,500

DIESINKER: Roger Dixon     MANUFACTURER: C

	1794 LANCASHIRE Lancaster HALFPENNY TOKEN
1794	VF	D&H - 46

EDGE: "PAYABLE IN LANCASTER, LONDON OR BRISTOL."

	1794 LANCASHIRE Lancaster HALFPENNY TOKEN
1794	NGC AU-58	D&H - 58

EDGE: "PAYABLE.IN.LANCASTER.LIVERPOOL.&.MANCHESTER."

Issued for general circulation

DIESINKER: Ponthon     MANUFACTURER: Matthew Boulton

	1794 LINCOLNSHIRES leaford HALFPENNY TOKEN
1794	F	D&H - 3

EDGE: "PAYABLE BY THOMAS BALL SLEAFORD +.+.+.+."

Issued for general circulation      MINTAGE: 15,500

DIESINKER: Roger Dixon    MANUFACTURER: Roger Dixon

Thomas Ball was a grocer and ironmonger in Sleaford.

"Notes On Eighteenth Century Tokens" states that this token is of interest in that it is made from two old dies that were used for other tokens.

This token is of further interest in that is has been counterstamped "STAINTON" on the obverse.

	1794 LINCOLNSHIRE Spalding HALFPENNY TOKEN
1794	VF	D&H - 4

EDGE: "PAYABLE AT T. IENNING'S SPALDING & HOLBEACH -X-"

Issued for general circulation      MINTAGE: 51,500

DIESINKER: Thomas Wyon    MANUFACTURER: Peter Kempson

Listed as SCARCE in Dalton & Hamer

"Notes On Eighteenth Century Tokens" states: Mintage 51,500, but only a few of No. 4 as the die broke.

	1794 LINCOLNSHIRE Wainfleet HALFPENNY TOKEN
1793	VF	D&H - 8a

EDGE: "PAYABLE AT THE WAREHOUSES OF D. WRIGHT & S. PALMER X"

Issued for general circulation      MINTAGE: 51,500

DIESINKER: Thomas Wyon    MANUFACTURER: Peter Kempson

	1794 MIDDLESEX Young's PENNY TOKEN
1794	AU	D&H - 39

EDGE: "PAYABLE AT THE WAREHOUSES OF D. WRIGHT & S. PALMER X"

Issued for general circulation      MINTAGE: 2,000

DIESINKER: Thomas Wyon    MANUFACTURER: Peter Kempson

	1795 MIDDLESEX Davidson's HALFPENNY TOKEN
1795	BU	D&H - 295

EDGE: "PAYABLE AT THE HOUSE OF T & R DAVIDSONS"

Issued for general circulation      MINTAGE: 51,500

DIESINKER: John G. Hancock    MANUFACTURER: Thomas Dobbs

	MIDDLESEX Hall's HALFPENNY TOKEN
Not Dated	AU	D&H - 319c

EDGE: Milled

Issued for general circulation      MINTAGE: 56,600

DIESINKER: Roger Dixon     MANUFACTURER: William Lutwyche

	1795 MIDDLESEX Richardson's Goodluck & Co. HALFPENNY TOKEN
1795	NGC MS-63 RB	D&H - 468

EDGE: Plain

Issued for general circulation

The obverse of this token depicts Fortune standing in front of two lottery wheels and bears the inscription "NOTHING VENTURE NOTHING HAVE."  One might assume that the similar modern phrase is derived from this saying.  The reverse records the winning number in Richardson's previous lottery and the prize of £30,000.

	1795 MIDDLESEX Skidmore's HALFPENNY TOKEN
1795	BU	D&H - 480

EDGE: Milled

Issued for general circulation

 DIESINKER: Thomas Wyon     MANUFACTURER: Peter Skidmore

	1795 MIDDLESEX Spence's HALFPENNY TOKEN
1793	NGC MS-63 BN	D&H - 833a

EDGE: Plain

Not intended for general circulation  -  Issued by Thomas Spence, a London coin dealer.

MANUFACTURER: Peter Kimpson

The inscription "END OF PAIN" is a pun on Thomas Paine, who was hated by most Englishmen of the 1790s. The designer is suggesting that the obverse scene would in fact be a welcome end to Thomas Paine.  The inscription "THE WRONGS OF MAN" is an obvious jab at Paine's book "The Rights of Man" which was published in 1791. The date on the right leaf of the book 21 January 1793 is the date that King Louis XVI of France was executed. The suggestion here is that Paine's ideas lead to the death of the King of France and would do the same for the King of England if his ideas were to gain a following there.

This token is attributed to Thomas Spence by Dalton & Hamer, however it seems most unlikely that Spence an ardent follower of Thomas Paine would have issued a token of this nature.

	1795 MIDDLESEX Spittle's HALFPENNY TOKEN
1795	EF	D&H - 903

EDGE: Plain

Issued for general circulation

James Spittle, was a cheesemonger loctaed at No.6 Broadway, Blackfriars, London.

	MIDDLESEX Miscellaneous Series HALFPENNY TOKEN
Not Dated	VF	D&H - 924

EDGE: Plain

Issued for general sale - MINTAGE: 15,500

DIESINKER: Thomas Wyon     MANUFACTURER: Peter Skidmore

Listed as R in Dalton & Hamer

	1795 MIDDLESEX National Series HALFPENNY TOKEN
1795	VF	D&H - 981d

EDGE: Milled

Issued for general circulation

	MIDDLESEX Political & Social Series HALFPENNY TOKEN
1794	AU	D&H - 1012

EDGE: Milled

Issued for general circulation

	1793 MIDDLESEX Political & Social Series HALFPENNY TOKEN
1793	VF	D&H - 1033

EDGE: Milled

Issued for general circulation

	MIDDLESEXPolitical & Social Series HALFPENNY TOKEN
c. 1795	VF	D&H - 1039d

EDGE: Plain

	MIDDLESEXSkidmore FARTHING TOKEN
1796	VF	D&H - 1127

EDGE: Plain

Issued for general circulation   -  Sold by Peter Skidmore, a London coin dealer.

	NORFOLKNorwich HALFPENNY TOKEN
1793	VF	D&H - 20

EDGE: "CURRENT EVERY WHERE"

Issued for general circulation

	OXFORDSHIREBanbury HALFPENNY TOKEN
Not Dated	EF	D&H - 1

EDGE: "PAYABLE AT BANBURY OXFORD OR READING"

Issued for general circulation      MINTAGE: 25,750

DIESINKER: Arnold     MANUFACTURER: William Lutwyche

	SHROPSHIRECoalbrook Dale HALFPENNY TOKEN
1795	VF	D&H - 10

EDGE: "PAYABLE AT COALBROOK-DALE AND KETLEY"

Issued for general circulation      MINTAGE: 309,000

DIESINKER: Thomas Wyon     MANUFACTURER: Peter Kempson

PIGGOT's DIRECTORY 1822 - "COALBROOK-DALE situated about two miles from Madeley, is a winding glen, between two vast hills which break into various forms with beautiful hanging woods. Here and in the neighbourhood, are the most considerable iron works in England;  the forges mills and steam engines with all their vast machinery, the flaming furnaces, and smoking lime kilns, form. a spectacle, horribly sublime; while the stupendous iron arch, striding over the Severn, gives these scenes a yet nearer resemblance to the ideas in romance. This famous bridge was built in the year 1779, the whole having been previously cast in open sand; all the principal parts were erected in three months, without any accident to the work or workmen, or the least obstruction to the navigation of the river."

  Click thumbnail to view a photograph of the Ironbridge as it looks today

The inclined plane at Ketley was built in 1789.  It was designed to allow boats transit of the Ketley Canal which rose some 73 feet.  In the space provided, a system of locks was not practical, thus the inclined plane was devised.  It worked using a self balance system by which full boats going down would pull empty boats up.  It was closed in 1818.

	SHROPSHIREShrewsbury HALFPENNY TOKEN
1793	VF	D&H - 20

EDGE: "PAYABLE AT SHREWSBURY + +"

Issued for general circulation      MINTAGE: 515,000

DIESINKER: John G. Hancock    MANUFACTURER: John G. Hancock

Listed as R in Dalton & Hamer

	SOMERSETSHIREBath HALFPENNY TOKEN
1794	AU	D&H - 26

EDGE: Plain

Issued for general circulation      MINTAGE: 51,500

DIESINKER: Arnold     MANUFACTURER: William Lutwyche

	SOMERSETSHIREBath HALFPENNY TOKEN
1794	EF	D&H - 34

EDGE: "PAYABLE AT W. GYE'S PRINTER BATH x . x "

Issued for general circulation      MINTAGE: 41,200

DIESINKER: Thomas Wyon    MANUFACTURER: William Lutwyche

	SOMERSETSHIREBath HALFPENNY TOKEN
1794	EF	D&H - 50

EDGE: "PAYABLE BY  X  M. LAMBE & SON."

Issued for general circulation      MINTAGE: 103,000

DIESINKER: Arnold     MANUFACTURER: William Lutwyche

Mary Lambe & Son - Tea Dealers & Grocers of Stall Street Bath.  The use of the camel in late Eighteenth Century art was a common one owing to the first major European explorations of the Near East during that period.  It was intended to convey a feel of the exotic on the part of the viewer, it this case the exotic teas, coffee and spices offered by Ms. Lambe.   The building shown on the reverse of this token is the Old East India House located at Leadenhall Street, London, it was built in 1729.  India House was the headquarters of the East India Company which ruled British India until 1858, it was demolished in 1800 to make room for the New East India House.  Again this motif was intended to suggest the exotic imports of the East.

 Click thumbnail to view a period print of India House

	SOMERSETSHIREBristol HALFPENNY TOKEN
1793	VF	D&H - 89

EDGE: Milled

Issued for general circulation      MINTAGE: 103,000

DIESINKER: John G. Hancock    MANUFACTURER: John G. Hancock

	SUFFOLKBury  HALFPENNY TOKEN
Not Dated	EF	D&H - 26

EDGE: "PAYABLE AT P. DECKS POST OFFICE BURY .XX."

Issued for general circulation      MINTAGE: 25,750

DIESINKER: Thomas Wyon     MANUFACTURER: Peter Kempson

	SUFFOLKIpswich  HALFPENNY TOKEN
1794	CH. AU	D&H - 35

EDGE: Milled

Issued for general circulation      MINTAGE: 103,000

DIESINKER: Thomas Wyon     MANUFACTURER: Peter Kempson

"James Conder was a linen draper at Tavern Street, Ipswich. He was an ardent collector of tokens and the author of the standard work on the subject until it was superseded by that of Atkins in 1892. This is therefore the origin of the generic name of Conder Tokens for these pieces."   David Stuart

	SUSSEXChichester HALFPENNY TOKEN
1794	VF	D&H - 15

EDGE: "PAYABLE AT DALLYS CHICHESTER"

Issued for general circulation      MINTAGE: 25,750

DIESINKER: Thomas Wyon    MANUFACTURER: Peter Kempson

	SUSSEXEastbourne HALFPENNY TOKEN
1796	NGC AU-58	D&H - 21

EDGE: "CELEBRATED FOR PURE AIR & SEA BATHING . + . + "

Issued for general circulation

MANUFACTURER: James Good

	WARWICKSHIREBirmingham HALFPENNY TOKEN
1792	VF	D&H - 145

EDGE: "PAYABLE AT H. HICKMANS WAREHOUSE BIRMINGHAM"

Issued for general circulation      MINTAGE: 25,750

DIESINKER: William Mainwaring     MANUFACTURER: William Mainwaring

Listed as RRR in Dalton & Hamer

"Notes On Eighteenth Century Tokens" calls it "very rare."

	WARWICKSHIREKimpson's HALFPENNY TOKEN
NOT DATED	Prooflike BU	D&H - 175

EDGE: Plain

Not intended for general circulation  -  Issued by Peter Kimpson, a Birmingham button maker

DIESINKER: Thomas Wyon    MANUFACTURER: Peter Kempson

	WARWICKSHIREKimpson's HALFPENNY TOKEN
1792	PROOF	D&H - 205

EDGE: Plain

Not intended for general circulation  -  Issued by Peter Kimpson, a Birmingham button maker

DIESINKER: Thomas Wyon    MANUFACTURER: Peter Kempson

	WARWICKSHIRECoventry HALFPENNY TOKEN
1792	VF	D&H - 231

EDGE: "PAYABLE AT THE WAREHOUSE OF ROBERT REYNOLDS & CO."

Issued for general circulation      MINTAGE: 515,000

DIESINKER: William Mainwaring     MANUFACTURER: William Lutwyche

	WARWICKSHIRECoventry HALFPENNY TOKEN
1793	VF	D&H - 242

EDGE: "PAYABLE AT BEDWORTH HINKLEY OR NUNEATON"

Contemporary Forgery

	WARWICKSHIREWilkinson HALFPENNY TOKEN
1793	VF	D&H - 393

EDGE: "WILLEY SNEDSHILL BERSHAM BRADLEY"

Issued for general circulation

DIESINKER: John G. Hancock     MANUFACTURER: John G. Hancock

	WARWICKSHIREBirmingham FARTHING TOKEN
NOT DATED	NGC MS 62 BN	D&H - 482

EDGE: Plain

Issued for general circulation      MINTAGE: 15,450

DIESINKER: Ponthon    MANUFACTURER: William Lutwyche

	YORKSHIREYork HALFPENNY TOKEN
1795	EF	D&H - 63

EDGE: " + YORK BUILT A.M. 1223. CATHEDRAL REBUILT A.D. 1075"

Issued for general circulation      MINTAGE: 25,750

DIESINKER: Roger Dixon    MANUFACTURER: William Lutwyche

---

WELSH TOKENS:

	NORTH WALESHALFPENNY TOKEN
1793	EF	D&H - 1b

EDGE: "PAYABLE IN LONDON BRISTOL & LANCASTER"

Issued for general circulation      MINTAGE: 103,000

DIESINKER: Thomas Wyon    MANUFACTURER: William Lutwyche & Peter Kempson

	NORTH WALESHALFPENNY TOKEN
1794	VF	D&H - 12

EDGE: Plain

Issued for general circulation      MINTAGE: 25,750

DIESINKER: Benjamin Patrick    MANUFACTURER: Samuel Waring

	PEMBROKESHIRESaint David's FARTHING TOKEN
1793	VF	D&H - 1

EDGE: Plain

Issued for general circulation

---

SCOTTISH TOKENS:

	ANGUSSHIREBrechin HALFPENNY TOKEN
1801	VF	D&H - 8

EDGE: Plain

Issued for general circulation      MINTAGE: 15,500

DIESINKER: Thomas Willets    MANUFACTURER: Peter Kempson

	LOTHIANEdinburgh HALFPENNY TOKEN
1796	VF	D&H - 1

EDGE: Plain

	LOTHIANEdinburgh HALFPENNY TOKEN
1791	VF	D&H - 38

EDGE: "PAYABLE . AT EDINBURGH GLASGOW & DUMFRIES - x - "